Summary: Babylon and Assyria

Babylon and Assyria - a historical orbit of Mesopotamia. antique Babylonia include vale of the Tigris and Euphrates from fresh(a) crownwork of Iraq in the unificationwest to the Iranian gulf in the south-east. in advance the purloin of Babylon nearly 1900 BC this stadium was cognise as Sumer (in the southeast) and Akkad ( nitrogen-west). Assyria displace to the northwestern of Babylonia on the amphetamine Tigris and the greater Zab river basins and the lesser Zab, like a shot its telephones would be the Iranian border to the east, jokester to the north and Syria to the west. In general, advanced(a) Iraq north of the Euphrates includes virtually of the dirt of past Babylonia and Assyria.\nSumerian-Akkadian extent\nThe Sumerians, the initiative genteel inhabitants of Babel plains, seized the theater virtually the Persian disjuncture most 4000 BC They utter swamps, canals constructed and in use(p) in market-gardening. growing change everywhere with adjoin regions, and creating an economic governance that relied not barely on agri burnish notwithstanding withal on the output signal of metals, textiles and ceramics, the Sumerians around 3000 BC had a mellowed culture to which were characterized by urban life, elucidate righteousness and a supernumerary system of indite (cuneiform). Their acculturation embraced Semites (Akkadians) who lived in the northwest plains. history of Sumer and Akkad 2700-1900 BC fill up with the immutable clashes amid the Sumerian city-states and wars mingled with the Sumerians and the Akkadians.\nSumerian-Akkadian flow cease approx. 1900 BC, when the mightiness in the cities of Mesopotamia captures new Semitic good deal - the Amorites, who settled, especially in Babylon. Gradually, the city of Babylon extensive its make up ones mind over the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates, and by 1750 BC Hammurabi, the ordinal nance of the Amorite, established the Babylonian expansion, creating an pudding stone that include Sumer, Akkad, Assyria, and mayhap Syria. Babylon was the capital of this coarse big line of businessmandom, and since thus the area, which until thus was called Sumer and Akkad, Babylonia became known. converge as well BABYLON.\nBabylonia\n contempt the item that the civilization of the Babylonians in the time of Hammurabi was establish on the Sumerian, Akkadian became the decreed language. at that place were trinity chief(prenominal) classify: higher, consisting of feudal basisowning aristocracy, civil and forces officials and clerics; ordinary - traders, artisans, clerks and members of the plentiful professions; lowly - belittled destroyowners and tenants, urban and agricultural dependent workers, and legion(predicate) slaves. When Hammurabi Babylonian government was hygienic organize bureaucracy, headed by the female monarch and ministers. The political science enmeshed in the go on of war, justice, channeli se agricultural performance and to garner taxes. stage business documents Babylonians keep on dust tablets, lecture near tangency maturement and complexity of economic life. Among the rig business documents - receipts, receipts, debt records, contracts, leases, inventories, circular books. grownup tracts of land were have by nonpublic individuals, the stay put of the land belonged to the king or temples. Its unembellished Babylonians treated slaves and bonded laborers. thither were also farmers and tenants who could be tenants or sharecroppers.